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# DrawingML Themes & Colors Quick Reference

Extracted from ECMA-376 5th Edition - dml-main.xsd

## Theme Structure

Located in: `word/theme/theme1.xml`

```xml
<a:theme name="Office Theme">
    <a:themeElements>
        <a:clrScheme name="Office">...</a:clrScheme>
        <a:fontScheme name="Office">...</a:fontScheme>
        <a:fmtScheme name="Office">...</a:fmtScheme>
    </a:themeElements>
</a:theme>

Color Scheme (a:clrScheme)

Slots

Slot	Typical Use	Common Default
`dk1`	Dark text on light background	Black (000000)
`lt1`	Light background	White (FFFFFF)
`dk2`	Secondary dark text	Dark gray
`lt2`	Secondary light/accent background	Light gray
`accent1`	Primary accent (links, highlights)	Blue
`accent2`	Secondary accent	Orange/Red
`accent3`	Tertiary accent	Green/Yellow
`accent4-6`	Additional accents	Varies
`hlink`	Hyperlink color	Blue
`folHlink`	Followed hyperlink	Purple

Color Definitions

<a:clrScheme name="Office">
    <!-- System colors (resolve at runtime) -->
    <a:dk1><a:sysClr val="windowText" lastClr="000000"/></a:dk1>
    <a:lt1><a:sysClr val="window" lastClr="FFFFFF"/></a:lt1>

    <!-- Fixed RGB colors -->
    <a:dk2><a:srgbClr val="44546A"/></a:dk2>
    <a:lt2><a:srgbClr val="E7E6E6"/></a:lt2>
    <a:accent1><a:srgbClr val="4472C4"/></a:accent1>
    <a:accent2><a:srgbClr val="ED7D31"/></a:accent2>
    <a:accent3><a:srgbClr val="A5A5A5"/></a:accent3>
    <a:accent4><a:srgbClr val="FFC000"/></a:accent4>
    <a:accent5><a:srgbClr val="5B9BD5"/></a:accent5>
    <a:accent6><a:srgbClr val="70AD47"/></a:accent6>
    <a:hlink><a:srgbClr val="0563C1"/></a:hlink>
    <a:folHlink><a:srgbClr val="954F72"/></a:folHlink>
</a:clrScheme>

Color Types

sRGB Color

<a:srgbClr val="FF0000"/>  <!-- Red -->

System Color

<a:sysClr val="windowText" lastClr="000000"/>

System color values:

window, windowText, menuText, activeCaption, captionText,
highlight, highlightText, buttonFace, buttonText, etc.

Scheme Color (reference to theme)

<a:schemeClr val="accent1"/>

With modifiers:

<a:schemeClr val="accent1">
    <a:tint val="50000"/>      <!-- 50% tint (lighter) -->
    <a:shade val="75000"/>     <!-- 75% shade (darker) -->
    <a:satMod val="120000"/>   <!-- 120% saturation -->
    <a:lumMod val="90000"/>    <!-- 90% luminance -->
</a:schemeClr>

HSL Color

<a:hslClr hue="14400000" sat="100000" lum="50000"/>
<!-- Hue: 0-21600000 (0-360 degrees * 60000) -->
<!-- Sat/Lum: 0-100000 (0-100%) -->

Tint and Shade Calculations

In WordprocessingML

<w:color
    w:val="000000"
    w:themeColor="accent1"
    w:themeTint="99"    <!-- Hex 00-FF -->
    w:themeShade="80"   <!-- Hex 00-FF -->
/>

themeTint calculation:

finalColor = tintValue/255 * white + (1 - tintValue/255) * themeColor

themeShade calculation:

finalColor = shadeValue/255 * themeColor

In DrawingML

Values are in 1/1000ths of a percent (0-100000):

<a:tint val="50000"/>   <!-- 50% tint -->
<a:shade val="75000"/>  <!-- 75% shade -->

Font Scheme (a:fontScheme)

<a:fontScheme name="Office">
    <a:majorFont>  <!-- Headings -->
        <a:latin typeface="Calibri Light"/>
        <a:ea typeface=""/>      <!-- East Asian -->
        <a:cs typeface=""/>      <!-- Complex script -->
        <!-- Script-specific overrides -->
        <a:font script="Jpan" typeface="Yu Gothic Light"/>
        <a:font script="Hans" typeface="DengXian Light"/>
    </a:majorFont>
    <a:minorFont>  <!-- Body text -->
        <a:latin typeface="Calibri"/>
        <a:ea typeface=""/>
        <a:cs typeface=""/>
    </a:minorFont>
</a:fontScheme>

Referencing Theme Fonts in WML

<w:rFonts
    w:asciiTheme="majorHAnsi"    <!-- Major (heading) Latin -->
    w:hAnsiTheme="majorHAnsi"
    w:eastAsiaTheme="majorEastAsia"
    w:cstheme="majorBidi"
/>

Theme font types:

majorHAnsi, majorEastAsia, majorBidi  - Heading fonts
minorHAnsi, minorEastAsia, minorBidi  - Body fonts

Resolving Theme Colors

Algorithm

Get themeColor attribute (e.g., "accent1")
Look up color in theme's a:clrScheme
If a:sysClr, use lastClr attribute
If a:srgbClr, use val attribute
Apply themeTint or themeShade if present
Result is final RGB color

Example Resolution

Document has:

<w:color w:val="4472C4" w:themeColor="accent1" w:themeTint="99"/>

Theme has:

<a:accent1><a:srgbClr val="4472C4"/></a:accent1>

Resolution:

Base color: #4472C4 (from theme)
Tint: 0x99/0xFF = 60% toward white
Final: Lighter blue

Common Office Theme Colors

Slot	Office 2016+	Hex
dk1	Black	000000
lt1	White	FFFFFF
dk2	Dark Blue-Gray	44546A
lt2	Light Gray	E7E6E6
accent1	Blue	4472C4
accent2	Orange	ED7D31
accent3	Gray	A5A5A5
accent4	Gold	FFC000
accent5	Light Blue	5B9BD5
accent6	Green	70AD47
hlink	Blue	0563C1
folHlink	Purple	954F72

Format Scheme (a:fmtScheme)

Contains fill, line, and effect styles:

<a:fmtScheme name="Office">
    <a:fillStyleLst>
        <a:solidFill>...</a:solidFill>
        <a:gradFill>...</a:gradFill>
    </a:fillStyleLst>
    <a:lnStyleLst>
        <a:ln>...</a:ln>
    </a:lnStyleLst>
    <a:effectStyleLst>
        <a:effectStyle>...</a:effectStyle>
    </a:effectStyleLst>
    <a:bgFillStyleLst>
        <a:solidFill>...</a:solidFill>
    </a:bgFillStyleLst>
</a:fmtScheme>

References

ECMA-376 Part 1, Section 20.1 (DrawingML - Main)
dml-main.xsd: Color and theme schemas
Microsoft [MS-OE376]: Theme implementation details

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> ./reference/quick-ref/themes-colors.md